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The wood is attached to the bottom of the tank with silicone. I trimmed the base so it would fit correctly. I have a lot of experience in setting up large wood displays and often bolt and glue wood together to get the look and aqua scape I want. ADA, David Oliver, Public aquarist etc all do...

Halo Mark, I use the PC lights for 10 hours. I use the HQI metal halide lights for 4 hours in the middle of the light cycle. I can also raise and lower the light, change the angle, orientation, front or rear lights. So I change most every aspect of the light intensity. The lamps are...

It is Ludwigia granulosus/perunesis. It seems to do well emergent. I need more room in my other tanks so I can fill this one with plants next week. Regards, Tom Barr

Here is an update on the Dry start tank with the DIY ADA lamp. I'll likely plant in a week or less. Tom Barr

The "adaption" is already mostly done though. The plants have well established root systems, they can use the resources to make more enzymes in the leaves for Rubsico (the main adaption biochemically at the leaf organ level in response to flooding). So no matter how you reason or argue, the...

http://www.nationaalherbarium.nl/Crypto ... index.html The German researchers have a long history with this genus, however, one pof the best growers was an Old American, Bob Gasser which I never met, but talked to several folks that saw his operation in Florida. Like many aquatic plant...

Are you using ADA aqua soil? You can use clay mud as well. I use sediment from a delta of a river which works very well also. Generally no issues with mold at all with most people. You need some air exchange, just like growing a terrarium. See growing emergent Crypts on Jan's web site...

I use an Eco Tech wavemaker, http://cgi.ebay.com/Ecotech-Vortech-Mar ... dZViewItem An iwaki RT40 pump. An Ocean clear pleted mechnical filter, and an 18W UV+ another Biocore Ocean clear Filter run in parallel. Then in line heater, and a CO2 3/4" mazzei venturi valve for CO2. I use bulk...

Tobi, I'll fill it up in 2-3 more weeks. The tubing is just the same pipe used for electrical wire protection in homes. It's very cheap here in the USA. It should not be that much more in Germany. The 90 degree bend is really easy as well. I use a similar set up on a client's tank...

Here is the dry start method on the 180 Gallon. I removed the 10,000K HQI and replaced with ADA 8000K which I like. The HC is now about 2 weeks old. And nit has sent runners out about 3 cm in several directions per clump. I will flood the tank once the HC grows in well and then plant my stem...

I have used Tropica since 1995. I have developed my own trace element mix using various chelators and a modified ratio for the metals, based on the ratios of 55 aquatics plants for each of the micronutrients from research studies, then I used the ratios of Tropica, ADA and Seachem and did a...

Well, you still need a source of O2 to reduce the carbon, anaerobic means no or else extremely low O2. Have you considered the rates at which anaerobic bacteria produce CO2? If the reduction is strong enough, anaerobic bacteria will reduce CO2 to CH4. This is not a fast process and requires a...

So what happens when the HCO3 is all gone? We have never "needed" to fertilize with CO2 gas. It just increases the rates of growth 10-25X or so. We use it to increase the growth, not so much because it's needed. If a "balanced tank" is our real goal, then a non CO2 approach is better. We might...

Well, it really depends on the field and what question is being asked. The Redfield Ratio is often discussed in aquatic biology but it's an atomic ratio, not one based on mass. 1:16 P: N is a ratio of atoms, not weights. Yet folks make this mistake and then even told, they keep making...

Hi Alex, I'm not sure where the idea that I use mg/kg. However, I use ppm's in water as milligrams/liter. I do no think I've stated otherwise. Most folks assume that mg/l = ppm. I think of it terms of mg/liter, not parts or atoms. To do that, I prefer millimolar concentrations...

Using less, not more light is the key to making the tanks easier to balance. I have a lot of light, but do not use it much. ADA is the same. Mostly low light throughout most of the day. Does not drain the nutrients(intercelluar reserves) if you do this for a couple of hours, if you do it...

More: Finally received the hood: I used a LiCOR integrating sphere probe light meter and an Apogee light meter and it had ideal ranges for light in microlmoles. Roughly 600 at the water's surface with PC + HQI together and with the Pc lights alone about 40 at the lowest...

This method is also borrowed from reef skimmers much like the Venturi CO2 method but may offer better results and less pump pressure requirements. It may be done like an external reactor or in line or in the tank itself. You may also modify an impeller. This seems to work very well and is...

Yes, they always run out when you cannot get more or when you are away. That is Murphy's Law. I am quite pleased with the process though, the ADA light bar for the 38 Gallon tank would have cost 180$+ shipping or tax. So this cost about 20X less and looks about as good. The lights also where...

I'd use 15mm. I'd get a Gas tank system for your CO2. Regards, Tom Barr